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Related Concept Videos

Other Nuclides: 31P, 19F, 15N NMR01:16

Other Nuclides: 31P, 19F, 15N NMR

Many organic, inorganic, and biological molecules contain spin-half nuclei such as nitrogen-15, fluorine-19, and phosphorus-31. As a result, NMR studies of these nuclei have found extensive applications in chemical and biological research.
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a high...
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
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2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Protease- and Acid-catalyzed Labeling Workflows Employing 18O-enriched Water
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Published on: February 20, 2013

Advances in 15N-tracing experiments: new labelling and data analysis approaches.

Tobias Rütting1, Dries Huygens, Jeroen Staelens

  • 1Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden. tobias.rutting@dpes.gu.se

Biochemical Society Transactions
|January 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Understanding soil nitrogen dynamics requires measuring multiple processes. A new method using in situ 15N isotope labeling in undisturbed soils provides a more accurate assessment of gross nitrogen transformations.

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Area of Science:

  • Soil Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Accurate quantification of soil nitrogen dynamics is crucial for understanding nutrient cycling.
  • Traditional methods using 15N isotope dilution in disturbed soils have limitations in reflecting in situ conditions.
  • Existing analytical approaches often quantify total rates, not process-specific transformations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a method for determining process-specific gross nitrogen transformations in undisturbed soils.
  • To overcome the limitations of studying disturbed soil-microbial-root systems.
  • To enhance the understanding of in situ soil nitrogen dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • In situ 15N isotope labeling of undisturbed soil over 1-2 weeks.
  • Application of numerical data analysis to isotope dilution principles.
  • Field conditions with intact soil-microbial-root systems.

Main Results:

  • The developed method allows for the determination of process-specific gross nitrogen transformation rates.
  • This approach provides insights into nitrogen dynamics under more realistic field conditions.
  • It overcomes the limitations of analyzing disturbed soil samples.

Conclusions:

  • Combining in situ 15N labeling with numerical analysis offers a powerful tool for studying soil nitrogen cycling.
  • This technique enhances our understanding of in situ soil nitrogen dynamics in the presence of live roots and microbes.
  • It represents a significant advancement over traditional methods using disturbed soil.