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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Glycan Node Analysis: A Bottom-up Approach to Glycomics

Glycan Node Analysis: A Bottom-up Approach to Glycomics

Published on: May 22, 2016

Urinary glycan markers for disease.

Dominic S Alonzi¹, Ying-Hsiu Su, Terry D Butters

¹Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.

Biochemical Society Transactions

|January 27, 2011

Summary

Urinary free oligosaccharides (FOS) analysis can identify biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). New methods detect glycosylation changes in urine, enabling early disease detection and screening for genetic disorders.

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Glycan Node Analysis: A Bottom-up Approach to Glycomics

Glycan Node Analysis: A Bottom-up Approach to Glycomics

Published on: May 22, 2016

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Glycomics
Oncology

Background:

Altered protein and lipid glycosylation is linked to diseases like hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Urinary free oligosaccharides (FOS) reflect systemic glycosylation changes.
HCC is a prevalent liver cancer with significant global health impact.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop robust assays for isolating and characterizing urinary FOS.
To identify FOS as potential biomarkers for HCC.
To explore FOS analysis for diagnosing genetic disorders.

Main Methods:

Solid-phase extraction and affinity chromatography for FOS isolation.
Normal phase-HPLC (NP-HPLC) and hydrophilic interaction and anion-exchange HPLC (HIAX-HPLC) for FOS separation.
Analysis of urinary FOS from patient samples.

Main Results:

Over 200 different urinary FOS species were identified.
A high incidence of small sialylated oligosaccharides was observed in HCC patients.
Methods were applied to characterize metabolic changes in genetic disorders.

Conclusions:

Urinary FOS analysis is a promising tool for HCC biomarker discovery.
Early detection of HCC may be possible through pro-inflammatory marker identification in FOS.
Developed methods enable disease status prediction using non-invasive urine samples.