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Related Concept Videos

Ecological Disturbance02:26

Ecological Disturbance

An ecological disturbance is a temporary disruption in the environment resulting from abiotic, biotic, or anthropogenic factors, causing a pronounced change in an ecosystem. The impact of an ecological disturbance, which can depend on its intensity, frequency, and spatial distribution, plays a significant role in shaping the species diversity within the ecosystem.Ecological disturbances can be caused by an event as small as the trampling of underbrush to an incident as wide-ranging as a forest...
Ecological Succession02:17

Ecological Succession

Ecological succession is influenced by the processes of facilitation, inhibition, and toleration. Facilitation occurs when early successional species create more favorable ecological conditions for subsequent species, such as enhanced nutrient, water, or light availability. In contrast, inhibition happens when early successional species create unfavorable ecological conditions for potential successive species, such as limiting resource availability. In some cases, later successional species...
What is an Ecosystem?01:17

What is an Ecosystem?

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Trophic Efficiency00:46

Trophic Efficiency

Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) is a measure of the total energy transfer from one trophic level to the next. Due to extensive energy loss as metabolic heat, an average of only 10% of the original energy obtained is passed on to the next level. This pattern of energy loss severely limits the possible number of trophic levels in a food chain.
Positive and Negative Feedback Loops01:18

Positive and Negative Feedback Loops

Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis ("steady state"). Examples of these changes include regulation of the level of glucose or calcium in the blood or internal responses to external temperatures. Homeostasis requires  maintaining an internal dynamic equilibrium:
Stability01:28

Stability

The time response of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system can be divided into transient and steady-state responses. The transient response represents the system's initial reaction to a change in input and diminishes to zero over time. In contrast, the steady-state response is the behavior that persists after the transient effects have faded.
The stability of an LTI system is determined by the roots of its characteristic equation, known as poles. A system is stable if it produces a bounded...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Simulating Impacts of Ice Storms on Forest Ecosystems
06:27

Simulating Impacts of Ice Storms on Forest Ecosystems

Published on: June 30, 2020

Stability in ecosystem functioning across a climatic threshold and contrasting forest regimes.

Elizabeth S Jeffers1, Michael B Bonsall, Kathy J Willis

  • 1School of Geography, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Plos One
|January 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Forest composition changes during climate warming were independent of nitrogen availability. As deciduous forests replaced coniferous ones, nitrogen cycling actually increased, suggesting current models may overestimate nitrogen

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A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function
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Published on: November 21, 2015

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Simulating Impacts of Ice Storms on Forest Ecosystems
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Published on: June 30, 2020

A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function
10:19

A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function

Published on: November 21, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Paleoclimatology
  • Forest Science

Background:

  • Ecological theory links resource availability (e.g., nitrogen) to plant community composition.
  • The impact of climate change on the interplay between plant communities and the nitrogen cycle remains unclear.
  • Investigating whether nitrogen cycling drives vegetation change or vice versa during climate shifts is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the role of nitrogen availability in forest species composition shifts during early Holocene climate change (16k–8k cal. yrs. BP).
  • To analyze the relationship between nitrogen cycling and forest succession under a warming climate using long-term ecological data.

Main Methods:

  • Statistical computational analysis of 8,000-year ecological data.
  • Examination of forest succession from coniferous to deciduous states.
  • Assessment of nitrogen cycling rates and species-nitrogen interaction mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Forest secondary succession from coniferous to deciduous occurred independently of nitrogen cycle changes.
  • Nitrogen cycling rates increased as oak forests replaced pine under a warming climate.
  • The species-nitrogen interaction mechanism remained stable despite climate and dominant species changes.

Conclusions:

  • Changes in tree population density during succession are not primarily driven by nitrogen availability.
  • Current forest succession models may overestimate the impact of nitrogen availability on tree populations.
  • Predictions of future forest dynamics under climate warming may need revision to account for these findings.