Investigation on the analytical application of cationic Gemini surfactant 12-4-12 and its interaction with DNA

The quantitative determination of nucleic acids is of great importance in fundamental research and clinical diagnosis. In this work, the interaction between DNA and cationic Gemini surfactant 12-4-12, which changes the conformation of DNA, was investigated by UV-vis absorption, FT-IR spectra and steady-state fluorescence techniques. A hydrophobic pyrene probe was used to investigate the microenvironment change and calculate the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of Gemini surfactant 12-4-12 (0.69 mmol/L), which is close to the value obtained from the conductivity method (0.79 mmol/L). A new detection assay for DNA is proposed with Gemini surfactant 12-4-12, using the resonance light-scattering (RLS) technique. The formation of DNA-12-4-12 complex resulted in enhanced RLS signals at 368 nm, which is proportional to DNA concentration in the range 0.304-5.32 mg/L, with a detection limit of 35 µg/L. Most coexisting substances do not interfere in the detection and four synthetic samples were analyzed satisfactorily.