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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome
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Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome

Published on: November 30, 2022

Therapy mediated by mitophagy abrogates tumor progression.

Ricardo Gargini1, Vega García-Escudero, Marta Izquierdo

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology/Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; Madrid, Spain.

Autophagy
|January 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel therapeutic system combining cyanide and oxidative stress to induce mitophagy, a cellular recycling process, for targeted tumor cell elimination. This approach offers a promising strategy for cancer therapy, especially when apoptosis pathways are resistant.

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In Vitro and In Vivo Detection of Mitophagy in Human Cells, C. Elegans, and Mice
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In Vitro and In Vivo Detection of Mitophagy in Human Cells, C. Elegans, and Mice

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome
07:56

Visualizing Mitophagy with Fluorescent Dyes for Mitochondria and Lysosome

Published on: November 30, 2022

Sensitive Measurement of Mitophagy by Flow Cytometry Using the pH-dependent Fluorescent Reporter mt-Keima
09:13

Sensitive Measurement of Mitophagy by Flow Cytometry Using the pH-dependent Fluorescent Reporter mt-Keima

Published on: August 12, 2018

In Vitro and In Vivo Detection of Mitophagy in Human Cells, C. Elegans, and Mice
08:40

In Vitro and In Vivo Detection of Mitophagy in Human Cells, C. Elegans, and Mice

Published on: November 22, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Autophagy, a cellular recycling process, primarily promotes survival but can induce cell death under persistent injury.
  • The specific role of mitophagy in tumorigenesis is not yet fully understood.
  • Conventional cell death pathways like apoptosis are often dysregulated in tumors, limiting their therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of a novel therapeutic system (linamarase/linamarin/glucose oxidase) to eliminate tumor cells.
  • To explore the induction of mitophagy as a mechanism for cancer cell death.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of this mitophagy-inducing system in vitro and in vivo for eradicating human malignant tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the linamarase/linamarin/glucose oxidase (lis/lin/GO) system to induce severe mitochondrial insult in tumor cells.
  • Analyzed the blockage of the electron transport chain and increased hydrogen peroxide production.
  • Investigated the role of vacuole generation, BNip3, and autolysosome formation in the cell death process.

Main Results:

  • The lis/lin/GO system effectively triggered mitophagy, leading to tumor cell death.
  • The observed cell death pathway involved cyanide and oxidative stress, culminating in the degradation of damaged organelles.
  • Tumor cells resistant to apoptosis showed increased sensitivity to this autophagy-inducing therapy.

Conclusions:

  • The lis/lin/GO system represents a potent strategy for inducing mitophagy-mediated tumor cell death.
  • This approach leverages the interplay between apoptosis evasion and autophagy sensitivity for enhanced anti-cancer therapy.
  • The findings suggest a promising new avenue for developing effective treatments against human malignant tumors.