Treatment of acute ulcerative colitis with infliximab, a retrospective study from three Danish hospitals

In acute steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis, rescue therapy with infliximab has become a therapeutic option in patients facing colectomy. Data on efficacy and safety in this setting are sparse.

Patients with ulcerative colitis and acute and severe steroid-refractory disease, who were given infliximab as rescue therapy, were identified by a review of patients' records and databases of infliximab-treated patients. Data on patient background, concomitant medication, endoscopic and laboratory results, clinical activity and adverse events were collected.

Fifty-six patients, all admitted because of high disease activity of short duration, and failing high-dose glucocorticoid treatment, received infliximab treatment and were followed up for a median of 538 days (range 2-1769). Colectomy was avoided in 61% of cases. No fatalities were observed. Concomitant medication at the end of follow-up indicated a low number of relapses in patients without colectomies.

Our results show a lasting benefit of infliximab rescue therapy in 61% of patients with acute, steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis, a low incidence of late colectomies, and low frequency of steroid use in patients who avoided colectomy. High levels of C-reactive protein on admittance and at the first infliximab infusion were associated with colectomy. Our study adds to the growing experience of infliximab treatment of patients with acute, steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis.