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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...

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Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie·1999
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Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing the response rates of carmustine, dacarbazine, and cisplatin with and without tamoxifen in patients with metastatic melanoma. National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group.

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·1996
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Stereotactic fine-needle aspiration cytology of nonpalpable breast lesions: initial experience in a tertiary-care institution.

Canadian Association of Radiologists journal = Journal l'Association canadienne des radiologistes·1994
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A phase II study of weekly edatrexate (10-EDAM) in metastatic melanoma. A National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group study.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·1993
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Improved survival in patients with poor-prognosis malignant melanoma treated with adjuvant levamisole: a phase III study by the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
08:49

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

Cutaneous malignant melanoma.

S T Norvell, A J Bodurtha

    Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien
    |January 29, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Melanoma, a significant cause of cancer deaths in Canada, is often linked to excessive UV radiation. Early detection and surgical removal are crucial for treatment, followed by long-term patient monitoring.

    More Related Videos

    Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
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    Published on: June 7, 2019

    Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
    12:37

    Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

    Published on: September 7, 2013

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    A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
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    Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
    06:09

    Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

    Published on: June 7, 2019

    Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
    12:37

    Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

    Published on: September 7, 2013

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Dermatology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Melanoma is a serious health concern in Canada, causing numerous annual deaths, particularly among young adults.
    • Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation without adequate skin protection is identified as a primary risk factor.
    • Early clinical recognition of suspicious moles by experienced physicians is vital for timely diagnosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the importance of early detection and accurate staging in melanoma management.
    • To emphasize the critical role of surgical intervention as the primary curative treatment.
    • To underscore the necessity of long-term follow-up for melanoma survivors.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical assessment for recognizing potentially cancerous moles.
    • Pathological microstaging for detailed tumor analysis.
    • Clinical staging to determine the extent of disease.
    • Surgical excision as the definitive treatment modality.
    • Long-term patient follow-up protocols.

    Main Results:

    • Surgical treatment is currently the only curative option for melanoma.
    • Accurate microstaging and clinical staging are essential for treatment planning.
    • Patients require a decade of diligent follow-up post-surgery.
    • Chemotherapy demonstrates limited efficacy in treating disseminated melanoma.

    Conclusions:

    • Early detection and accurate staging are paramount in melanoma management.
    • Surgical intervention followed by extended follow-up offers the best chance for cure.
    • Current treatments for advanced melanoma, including chemotherapy, yield poor outcomes.