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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Overview of Protein Metabolism01:21

Overview of Protein Metabolism

Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Inborn Errors of Metabolism01:20

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Nutritional rickets.

Behzat Ozkan1

  • 1Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Erzurum, Turkey. bozkan@atauni.edu.tr

Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology
|January 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nutritional rickets (NR), a common bone disease, is primarily caused by vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Supplementation is crucial to prevent NR and associated long-term health risks in infants and children.

Keywords:
Nutritional ricketsVitamin Dcalcium

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Nutritional rickets (NR) remains prevalent, often linked to vitamin D deficiency (VDD).
  • VDD in infancy may increase risks for chronic diseases like diabetes, cancer, and multiple sclerosis.
  • Limited sun exposure and traditional clothing contribute to VDD globally and in Turkey.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the etiology and risk factors of nutritional rickets, particularly vitamin D deficiency.
  • To emphasize the importance of adequate vitamin D levels for skeletal health and overall well-being.
  • To underscore the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of vitamin D supplementation.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests.
  • Monitoring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels is key.
  • Assessing calcium and parathyroid hormone levels aids in diagnosis and management.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin D deficiency is the primary cause of NR in Turkey.
  • Maternal VDD and unsupplemented breastfeeding are significant risk factors.
  • Achieving serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of at least 20 ng/ml (50 nmol/l) is recommended.

Conclusions:

  • Adequate vitamin D supplementation is essential for preventing NR and fractures.
  • Addressing VDD can mitigate long-term health consequences.
  • Public health strategies should focus on increasing vitamin D levels in at-risk populations.