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Acute stress disorder revisited.
1Department of Psychology, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden. Etzel.Cardena@psychology.lu.se
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology
|February 1, 2011
Summary
Acute stress disorder (ASD) is a diagnosis for reactions to trauma, with dissociative symptoms playing a key role. Research evaluates its validity, limitations, and links to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Trauma Studies
- Mental Health Diagnostics
Background:
- Acute stress disorder (ASD) was established in the DSM in 1994.
- It addresses pathological reactions to trauma and the role of dissociation.
- Lack of specific diagnosis for acute trauma reactions and dissociation was noted.
Purpose of the Study:
- Review the history and goals of the ASD diagnosis.
- Compare ASD with related diagnoses like acute stress reaction, combat stress reaction, and PTSD.
- Evaluate research on ASD validity, limitations, and its relationship with PTSD.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on ASD.
- Comparative analysis of diagnostic criteria.
- Examination of studies on peritraumatic dissociation and PTSD prediction.
Main Results:
- ASD diagnosis aims to capture acute trauma reactions and dissociative phenomena.
- Research indicates validity and limitations of ASD.
- Peritraumatic dissociation is linked to other symptoms and predicts PTSD.
Conclusions:
- Recommendations for DSM-5 criteria changes are proposed.
- Further sophisticated research is needed for acute posttraumatic syndromes.
- ASD may be one of several common acute posttraumatic syndromes.
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