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Selection on wing allometry in Drosophila melanogaster.

K E Weber1

  • 1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.

Genetics
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Environmental factors and genetic variation influence Drosophila melanogaster wing shape. Despite environmental changes, wing dimensions maintain an allometric baseline, but rapid selection can alter wing form, indicating significant genetic variance for wing morphology.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Quantitative genetics

Background:

  • Drosophila melanogaster wing dimensions exhibit complex bivariate distributions.
  • Understanding the interplay between development, environment, and genetic variation is crucial for evolutionary studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic basis of wing shape variation in Drosophila melanogaster.
  • To determine the extent of additive genetic variance for wing dimensions.
  • To assess the impact of environmental factors and selection on wing morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Measurement of wing dimensions across diverse populations: environmentally stressed, wild-caught, selected lines, and inbred lines.
  • Analysis of allometric baselines and phenotypic variance.
  • Divergent selection experiments for lateral offset from developmental baselines.

Main Results:

  • Environmental stresses altered wing size and ratios but did not shift allometric baselines.
  • Wild-caught flies and their offspring maintained consistent allometric baselines.
  • Rapid and significant response to divergent selection for wing shape was observed.
  • Long-term inbred lines showed reduced within-line variance but increased among-line variance for wing offsets.

Conclusions:

  • Significant additive genetic variance exists for Drosophila melanogaster wing dimensions, allowing for rapid evolutionary change.
  • The relative stability of allometric baselines in nature suggests strong stabilizing natural selection.
  • Wing morphology can be readily modified by selection or genetic drift, highlighting developmental plasticity and evolutionary potential.

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