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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Vertical Curves01:24

Introduction to Vertical Curves

Vertical curves are parabolic transitions that connect different grades on highways and railroads, ensuring a smooth alignment between back and forward tangents. The back tangent represents the initial grade, while the forward tangent defines the subsequent grade. These curves can be symmetrical, with equal tangent lengths, or nonsymmetrical, with varying lengths. The key points defining a vertical curve include the Point of Vertical Intersection (P.V.I.), where the tangents meet; the Point of...
Elevation of Intermediate Points on Vertical Curves01:20

Elevation of Intermediate Points on Vertical Curves

Vertical curves are essential in roadway design because they provide smooth transitions between varying roadway grades. Designing vertical curves involves calculating intermediate elevations and identifying the curve's highest or lowest point, which is essential for optimal roadway performance.Intermediate elevations on a vertical curve are determined using the tangent offset method. This method considers the initial elevation at the start of the curve, the grades, and the curve's geometry. The...
Force Vector along a Line01:26

Force Vector along a Line

Quite often in three-dimensional statics problems, the direction of a force is specified by two points through which its line of action passes. Consider a three-dimensional static pole with a cable anchored to the ground.
Lift01:23

Lift

Lift is a fundamental aerodynamic force that acts perpendicular to the direction of airflow. It plays a central role in achieving and sustaining flight and in stabilizing various vehicles. Lift primarily originates from pressure differences created across surfaces, such as an airfoil. A lower pressure region forms above the wing, while a higher pressure region forms below it, generating an upward force. This differential results from the shape and orientation of the airfoil, enabling the wing...
Vertical Curve: Problem Solving01:23

Vertical Curve: Problem Solving

Vertical curves provide the transition between two roadway grades, ensuring safety, comfort, and functionality. Calculating elevations at specific stations along the curve involves several systematic steps based on the curve's geometry and provided design parameters.The vertical curve is defined by its length, grades, Point of Vertical Intersection (P.V.I.) location, and P.V.I. elevation. The stations of the Point of Vertical Curvature (P.V.C.), where the curve begins, and the Point of Vertical...
Vector or Cross Product01:17

Vector or Cross Product

Vector multiplication of two vectors yields a vector product, with the magnitude equal to the product of the individual vectors multiplied by the sine of the angle between both the vectors and the direction perpendicular to both the individual vectors. As there are always two directions perpendicular to a given plane, one on each side, the direction of the vector product is governed by the right-hand thumb rule.
Consider the cross product of two vectors. Imagine rotating the first vector about...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
19:53

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

Vertical vector face lift.

Brian Somoano1, Joanna Chan, Greg Morganroth

  • 1California Skin Institute, Mountain View, California 94040, USA.

Dermatologic Therapy
|February 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Vertical Vector Face Lift offers a safer, minimally invasive approach to facial rejuvenation. This technique provides natural, long-lasting results with reduced risk and downtime for suitable candidates.

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Quantitative Assessment Protocol for Facial Soft Tissue Volumetric Changes with Stereophotogrammetry
06:26

Quantitative Assessment Protocol for Facial Soft Tissue Volumetric Changes with Stereophotogrammetry

Published on: December 9, 2025

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
19:53

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer

Published on: March 1, 2015

Quantitative Assessment Protocol for Facial Soft Tissue Volumetric Changes with Stereophotogrammetry
06:26

Quantitative Assessment Protocol for Facial Soft Tissue Volumetric Changes with Stereophotogrammetry

Published on: December 9, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Facial Aesthetics
  • Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

  • Facial rejuvenation techniques have advanced, prioritizing patient safety and reduced recovery times.
  • Minimally invasive and short-scar facelifts are effective for younger patients with specific aging concerns.
  • Local anesthesia offers a safer alternative for facial procedures, minimizing complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate the Vertical Vector Face Lift as an effective facial rejuvenation procedure.
  • To highlight the benefits of a combined anterior and posterior approach for enhanced results.
  • To demonstrate the synergistic effects of submentoplasty and superficial musculoaponeurotic system plication.

Main Methods:

  • The Vertical Vector Face Lift utilizes an incision length between mini and traditional facelifts.
  • It incorporates both anterior and posterior surgical approaches.
  • Key components include submentoplasty, neck liposuction, and superficial musculoaponeurotic system plication.

Main Results:

  • Achieves longer-lasting and natural facial rejuvenation outcomes.
  • Effectively restores a youthful cervicomental angle, even with prominent jowls.
  • Offers a safer option with minimal downtime and fewer complications compared to traditional methods.

Conclusions:

  • The Vertical Vector Face Lift is a safe and effective method for facial rejuvenation.
  • It provides superior, natural-looking results by addressing lower face laxity and neck contouring.
  • Can be enhanced with complementary procedures for dramatic aesthetic improvements.