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Sensory experience selectively regulates transmitter synthesis enzymes in interglomerular circuits
S Parrish-Aungst1, E Kiyokage, G Szabo
1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Brain Research
|February 1, 2011
Summary
Sensory input reduction decreases GAD67 protein and short axon (SA) cells in the olfactory bulb. However, GAD65 protein and periglomerular (PG) cells remain unaffected, showing sensory experience impacts interglomerular processing circuits.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Olfactory System Research
- Sensory Processing
Background:
- Sensory experience shapes brain function, notably in the olfactory bulb.
- Reduced odorant signals down-regulate dopamine in glomerular neurons.
- Two interneuron populations, periglomerular (PG) and short axon (SA) cells, regulate olfactory processing differently.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if sensory input influences the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoforms in olfactory bulb interneurons.
- To determine the impact of deafferentation or sensory deprivation on GAD65 and GAD67 expression and associated cell populations.
Main Methods:
- Deafferentation and nares occlusion were used to reduce sensory input.
- Quantification of GAD65 and GAD67 protein levels.
- Immunohistochemical analysis of GAD65- and GAD67-expressing cells (PG and SA cells).
Main Results:
- Reduced sensory input significantly decreased GAD67 protein and the number of SA cells expressing GAD67.
- GAD65 protein levels and the number of GAD65-expressing PG cells were not altered by sensory deprivation.
- These findings indicate differential regulation of GAD isoforms by sensory experience.
Conclusions:
- Sensory experience critically regulates GAD67 expression in short axon (SA) cells, impacting interglomerular processing.
- Intraglomerular processing, regulated by GAD65 in periglomerular (PG) cells, is independent of sensory input levels.
- This study highlights the plasticity of specific neuronal circuits within the olfactory bulb in response to sensory experience.
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