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HIV and general cardiovascular risk

Bernadette Capili1, Joyce K Anastasi, Olugbenga Ogedegbe

  • 1New York University College of Nursing, New York, New York, USA.

The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC
|February 1, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is rising in people with HIV. About 25% face high CVD risk within 10 years, linked to factors like waist size and smoking, manageable through lifestyle changes.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence is increasing among individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  • Common risk factors include hyperlipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance.
  • Nontraditional factors like visceral fat accumulation, HIV-related inflammation, and antiretroviral drug effects contribute to CVD risk in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults living with HIV.
  • To calculate the 10-year general cardiovascular risk score for this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study design.
  • Involved 123 adults living with HIV.
  • Assessed traditional and nontraditional CVD risk factors and calculated 10-year cardiovascular risk scores.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 25% of participants were identified as high risk for developing CVD in the next 10 years.
  • Increased waist circumference and longer smoking duration were significantly associated with higher cardiovascular risk scores.
  • Identified risk factors largely align with those in the general population.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of adults with HIV are at high risk for future cardiovascular events.
  • Lifestyle modifications, such as weight management and smoking cessation, are crucial for mitigating CVD risk in people with HIV.
  • Addressing both traditional and HIV-specific factors is essential for comprehensive cardiovascular risk management.

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