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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology01:18

Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology

Pulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial and alveolar spaces of the lungs, impairing gas exchange and oxygen delivery. It may be cardiogenic or noncardiogenic, but both reduce oxygenation and lung compliance.Cardiogenic Pulmonary EdemaCardiogenic edema results from increased hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary capillaries, usually due to left ventricular dysfunction from myocardial infarction, heart failure, or valvular disease. Ineffective cardiac pumping causes blood to...

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A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
07:44

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism

Published on: September 6, 2024

Peripartum pulmonary embolism.

Margaret A Miller1, Michel Chalhoub2, Ghada Bourjeily3

  • 1Division of Obstetric and Consultative Medicine, Women and Infants' Hospital of Rhode Island, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 100 Dudley Street, Suite 1100, Providence, RI 02905, USA.

Clinics in Chest Medicine
|February 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnancy increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to Virchow's triad. Diagnosing and treating VTE in pregnant individuals presents unique challenges for healthcare providers.

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Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet
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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

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Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet
09:22

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

Published on: November 4, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Hematology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Pregnancy is a prothrombotic state, increasing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) as per Virchow's triad.
  • Specific risk factors contributing to antepartum and postpartum VTE have been identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic complexities of pulmonary embolism and VTE in pregnancy.
  • To address the challenges posed by physiological changes and concerns for fetal well-being.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on VTE in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of physiological changes during pregnancy affecting VTE diagnosis and management.
  • Consideration of safety concerns regarding radiologic studies and anticoagulation therapy.

Main Results:

  • Physiological adaptations in pregnancy complicate VTE diagnosis, particularly pulmonary embolism.
  • Physician reluctance to use radiologic imaging due to fetal concerns adds diagnostic challenges.
  • Pregnancy alters medication pharmacokinetics, complicating VTE treatment efficacy and safety.

Conclusions:

  • Managing VTE in pregnancy requires careful consideration of altered physiology and potential risks to both mother and fetus.
  • Anticoagulation therapy during pregnancy is complex due to unpredictable labor and pharmacokinetic changes.
  • Further research is needed to optimize VTE diagnosis and management strategies in pregnant populations.