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Circulating red cell-derived microparticles in human malaria.
Duangdao Nantakomol1, Arjen M Dondorp, Srivicha Krudsood
1Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|February 2, 2011
Summary
Red blood cell-derived microparticles (RMPs) increase with malaria severity, particularly falciparum malaria. While infected cells produce more RMPs, uninfected cells are the main source, with heme-induced oxidative stress a likely driver.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Parasitology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Cell-derived microparticles (MPs) are implicated in various diseases.
- Plasma MP concentrations are linked to disease severity in falciparum malaria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify red blood cell-derived microparticles (RMPs) in malaria patients.
- To identify the source and production factors of RMPs in malaria.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry was used to quantify RMPs.
- RMP production was analyzed in vitro using cultured red blood cells and parasite products.
Main Results:
- RMP concentrations were significantly elevated in patients with Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, and P. malariae compared to healthy subjects.
- RMP levels were highest in severe falciparum malaria cases.
- While parasitized red blood cells produced more RMPs, the majority originated from uninfected red blood cells.
- Hemin and parasite products stimulated RMP production in uninfected red blood cells, an effect inhibited by N-acetylcysteine.
Conclusions:
- RMP levels correlate with malaria parasite species and disease severity.
- Heme-mediated oxidative stress is a key pathway for RMP generation in malaria.
- Both infected and uninfected red blood cells contribute to the increased RMP burden during malaria infection.
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