Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chemotaxis in E. coli01:27

Chemotaxis in E. coli

Chemotaxis in Escherichia coli is a sensory-driven motility mechanism that enables bacteria to navigate chemical gradients, moving toward beneficial environments while avoiding harmful conditions. This process relies on a signal transduction system integrating external chemical cues with flagellar motor control.Chemoreceptors and Signal DetectionE. coli detects chemical gradients through methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs), which are membrane-bound chemoreceptors that sense attractants...
Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon towards...
Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses

The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers01:15

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Eliminating the type I restriction endonuclease from <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> PAO1 for optimized phage isolation.

Microbiology (Reading, England)·2025
Same author

A nitric oxide-sensing two-component system regulates a range of infection-related phenotypes in <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i>.

mSphere·2025
Same author

Twists and turns: 40 years of investigating how and why bacteria swim.

Microbiology (Reading, England)·2024
Same author

Microbial Primer: The bacterial flagellum - how bacteria swim.

Microbiology (Reading, England)·2024
Same author

Insights into the atypical autokinase activity of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa GacS histidine kinase and its interaction with RetS.

Structure (London, England : 1993)·2022
Same author

Swimming Using a Unidirectionally Rotating, Single Stopping Flagellum in the Alpha Proteobacterium <i>Rhodobacter sphaeroides</i>.

Frontiers in microbiology·2022
Same journal

Waterborne diseases and climate change.

Nature reviews. Microbiology·2026
Same journal

Climate adaptation and biodiversity shape West Nile virus risk in cities.

Nature reviews. Microbiology·2026
Same journal

Climate factors and evolution drive cholera surges in Dhaka.

Nature reviews. Microbiology·2026
Same journal

Climate change boosts Salmonella antimicrobial resistance.

Nature reviews. Microbiology·2026
Same journal

Reframing risk assessment for malaria elimination in a changing climate.

Nature reviews. Microbiology·2026
Same journal

Bacterial vesicles protect the membrane during polymyxin stress.

Nature reviews. Microbiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Assessment of Dictyostelium discoideum Response to Acute Mechanical Stimulation
10:40

Assessment of Dictyostelium discoideum Response to Acute Mechanical Stimulation

Published on: November 9, 2017

Signal processing in complex chemotaxis pathways.

Steven L Porter1, George H Wadhams, Judith P Armitage

  • 1Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QD, UK.

Nature Reviews. Microbiology
|February 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteria use chemotaxis to find better growth conditions. This study details the complex signaling network in Rhodobacter sphaeroides, integrating environmental and metabolic data for flagellar motor control.

More Related Videos

Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR)-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum
09:40

Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR)-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum

Published on: September 20, 2011

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells
08:24

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells

Published on: September 14, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Assessment of Dictyostelium discoideum Response to Acute Mechanical Stimulation
10:40

Assessment of Dictyostelium discoideum Response to Acute Mechanical Stimulation

Published on: November 9, 2017

Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR)-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum
09:40

Imaging G-protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR)-mediated Signaling Events that Control Chemotaxis of Dictyostelium Discoideum

Published on: September 20, 2011

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells
08:24

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells

Published on: September 14, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Bacteria utilize chemotaxis for directed movement towards favorable environments.
  • Chemoreceptors and two-component systems form a conserved pathway for controlling bacterial swimming direction.
  • Increasingly, complex chemotaxis networks are being discovered in various bacterial species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the complex chemotaxis network in Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
  • To understand how sensory data is integrated for cellular response.
  • To detail the interplay between external environment and metabolic state in chemotaxis.

Main Methods:

  • Systems biology approaches.
  • Genome sequencing.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways controlling flagellar motor response.

Main Results:

  • Rhodobacter sphaeroides possesses a well-understood complex chemotaxis network.
  • This network integrates external environmental cues with the cell's metabolic status.
  • A balanced response is achieved at the flagellar motor through this integrated signaling.

Conclusions:

  • The chemotaxis network in Rhodobacter sphaeroides represents a sophisticated integration system.
  • Understanding these complex networks is crucial for comprehending bacterial adaptation and behavior.
  • This study provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms governing bacterial motility.