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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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Differential Imaging of Biological Structures with Doubly-resonant Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering CARS
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Ship wake detection by Raman lidar.

Alexey F Bunkin1, Vladimir K Klinkov, Vladislav A Lukyanchenko

  • 1Wave Research Center, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. abunkin@rambler.ru

Applied Optics
|February 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Raman spectroscopy detects ship wakes longer than sonar. This optical method offers enhanced sensitivity for monitoring water disturbances caused by vessels.

Area of Science:

  • Oceanography
  • Remote Sensing
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Ship wakes are significant indicators of vessel activity and can impact marine environments.
  • Conventional acoustic (sonar) techniques have limitations in detecting subtle or long-lasting water perturbations.
  • Optical methods offer potential for non-invasive and sensitive ship wake analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the application of optical methods, specifically Mie and Raman scattering, for remote ship wake detection.
  • To compare the sensitivity and duration of detection between Raman spectroscopy and acoustic sonar techniques for ship wakes.
  • To assess the potential of Raman spectroscopy for long-term monitoring of water disturbances.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous recording of Mie and Raman scattering signals using a gated intensified CCD detector.

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  • Remote optical sensing of water disturbance generated by a high-speed boat.
  • Analysis of signal evolution over time to determine detection duration.
  • Approximation of experimental data to evaluate signal fluctuations.

    • Main Results:

    • Mie scattering signals were detectable within 1 minute of water disturbance.
    • Raman scattering signal fluctuations were detectable for a significantly longer duration under identical conditions.
    • Raman spectroscopy demonstrated substantially higher sensitivity to water perturbation compared to sonar.

    Conclusions:

    • Raman spectroscopy is a highly sensitive technique for detecting ship wakes.
    • Optical remote sensing using Raman scattering offers advantages over conventional sonar for ship wake monitoring.
    • This method holds promise for effective and prolonged detection and surveillance of vessel activity in aquatic environments.