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Because we are concerned with the teaching of preventive medicine to residents in family medicine, we decided to implement a vaccination study to evaluate residents' efficacy in preventing infectious diseases. After collecting each patient's past history of infectious diseases and vaccination the residents completed the necessary vaccination according to protocol, over one year. We used the one-tail hypothesis test of proportion to verify significant differences in the proportion of patients not well immunized at the end of the study, compared with the beginning, for each vaccine studied. We found no statistically significant difference for vaccination against whooping cough, measles and mumps; there was a significant difference for vaccination against tetanus, diphtheria, polio and rubeola (P:0.01).