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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation01:27

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation

Palpation involves feeling the body to evaluate texture, size, consistency, and tenderness for assessing cardiovascular health. The following steps are organized in a head-to-toe order:
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above the...
Veins of Lower Limbs01:15

Veins of Lower Limbs

The human body consists of an intricate network of veins responsible for the crucial task of blood drainage from the lower limbs. These veins can be categorized into two main types: deep veins and superficial veins.
Formed by the union of the medial and lateral plantar veins, the posterior tibial vein, rising through the calf muscle, assimilates the fibular vein. The anterior tibial vein, a superior extension of the foot's dorsalis pedis vein, merges with the posterior tibial vein at the knee,...
Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed to...

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In vivo Macrophage Imaging Using MR Targeted Contrast Agent for Longitudinal Evaluation of Septic Arthritis
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The swollen knee.

D R Levy

    Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien
    |February 2, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Family physicians can diagnose swollen knees by performing a thorough clinical examination, including history and palpation. This systematic approach aids in identifying the cause of knee effusion and guides effective treatment strategies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Primary Care Medicine
    • Clinical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Swollen knee is a common presentation in family medicine.
    • Knee swelling (effusion) is a symptom, not a definitive diagnosis.
    • Requires a structured diagnostic approach.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline an organized clinical examination for evaluating swollen knees.
    • To emphasize the importance of differentiating signs from diagnoses.
    • To guide family physicians in managing knee effusions.

    Main Methods:

    • Detailed patient history elicitation.
    • Systematic physical examination: inspection and palpation.
    • Assessment of knee effusion, ligamental stability, and meniscal injury.

    Main Results:

    • An organized examination, combined with understanding knee effusion causes, facilitates diagnosis.
    • Effective management requires recognizing the consequences of knee swelling.
    • Diagnostic and therapeutic treatment programs can be initiated.

    Conclusions:

    • A comprehensive clinical evaluation is crucial for diagnosing swollen knees.
    • Understanding knee effusion pathophysiology aids in treatment planning.
    • Management may involve aspiration or specialist consultation.