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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Nightmares and Night Terrors

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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)
07:01

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)

Published on: February 7, 2025

Falls in children.

C P Shah, C A Smith, L Finkelstein

    Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien
    |February 3, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Falls caused one-third of pediatric emergency visits in 1977, with similar proportions from heights and same-level falls. Family physicians can prevent these injuries through anticipatory guidance for parents.

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    Handheld Metal Detector Screening for Metallic Foreign Body Ingestion in Children

    Published on: September 11, 2018

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatrics
    • Injury Prevention
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Injuries are a significant cause of pediatric emergency department visits.
    • Falls represent a major category of unintentional childhood injuries.
    • Understanding fall mechanisms is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the incidence and characteristics of fall-related injuries in children presenting to an emergency department.
    • To identify common fall scenarios and injury types.
    • To inform healthcare providers on preventative measures.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of pediatric emergency department records from 1977.
    • Data collection on injury mechanism (falls), fall height, injury severity, and admission rates.
    • Categorization of falls into 'height' and 'same level' categories.

    Main Results:

    • One-third of all injuries were fall-related.
    • Falls from heights and same-level falls were equally prevalent (49% each).
    • Superficial injuries were the most frequent outcome; 10% of children were admitted.

    Conclusions:

    • Falls are a substantial cause of pediatric injuries requiring emergency care.
    • Preventative strategies should address both falls from heights and same-level falls.
    • Anticipatory guidance from family physicians regarding developmental stages and associated risks is recommended for injury prevention.