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Counter immuno electrophoresis for the early diagnosis of acute pyogenic meningitis

J Dasgupta1, R S Rao, R Kanungo

  • 1Department of Microbiology, JIPMER, Pondicherry.

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|July 1, 1990
PubMed

Insights

Counter current immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) aids rapid diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. This method effectively detected antigens for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in clinical samples.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Clinical Diagnostics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute pyogenic meningitis requires prompt etiological diagnosis for effective treatment.
  • Traditional diagnostic methods can be time-consuming in clinical bacteriology laboratories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of counter current immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) for rapid etiological diagnosis of acute pyogenic meningitis.
  • To compare CIEP performance with routine diagnostic methods.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 123 cases of acute pyogenic meningitis.
  • Employed counter current immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) alongside standard laboratory techniques.
  • Analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) characteristics including turbidity, cell counts, protein, and sugar levels.

Main Results:

  • 53% of cases were culture positive, with Streptococcus pneumoniae being the most common pathogen (56.6%).
  • Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis were also identified.
  • CIEP demonstrated high sensitivity, detecting 50% of Haemophilus influenzae and 76.7% of Streptococcus pneumoniae antigens.

Conclusions:

  • Counter current immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) is a valuable tool for rapid etiological diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.
  • CIEP complements culture methods, improving diagnostic speed in clinical settings.
  • Optimal isolation rates correlated with specific CSF parameters: turbidity, high polymorphonuclear count, high protein, and low sugar.

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