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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

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MicroRNAs in human diseases.

Francisco E Nicolas¹, Alfonso F Lopez-Martinez

¹Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular (A), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain. fnicolas@um.es

Recent Patents on DNA & Gene Sequences

|February 4, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene regulators involved in many diseases. Recent patents cover novel methods for detecting miRNAs and developing miRNA-based therapies for conditions like cancer.

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Biochemistry

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that function as negative regulators of gene expression.
miRNAs play crucial roles in various cellular processes, including development, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis.
Dysregulation of miRNA expression is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent patents on miRNA detection and profiling in pathological samples.
To summarize patents related to miRNA modulators as therapeutic agents for diseases.
To highlight advancements in miRNA-based diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

Patent literature search focusing on miRNA detection technologies.
Patent literature search focusing on miRNA-targeting therapeutics and delivery systems.
Review and categorization of patented methods and compounds.

Main Results:

Numerous patents exist for sensitive and specific miRNA detection and profiling techniques.
A growing number of patents address the development of miRNA mimics and inhibitors for therapeutic purposes.
Patents cover novel strategies for delivering miRNA therapeutics to target tissues and cells.

Conclusions:

The patent landscape reflects significant progress in harnessing miRNAs for medical applications.
miRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics hold great promise for treating diseases like cancer and viral infections.
Continued innovation in miRNA detection and modulation technologies is expected to drive clinical translation.