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Related Concept Videos

Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
Vascular Spasm01:16

Vascular Spasm

The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last for...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Autoregulation of Blood Flow01:17

Autoregulation of Blood Flow

Autoregulation mechanisms are characterized by their inherent capacity for self-regulation without necessitating specific nervous stimulation or endocrine control. These mechanisms facilitate the adjustment of blood flow and, therefore, perfusion specific to each tissue region. This self-regulation encompasses chemical signals and myogenic controls.
Chemical Signaling in Autoregulation
Chemical signaling operates at the precapillary sphincter level, inciting either contraction or relaxation.
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers01:18

Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers

Calcium ions are essential to contract smooth muscle cells in blood vessels. They enter these cells through voltage-dependent calcium channels, specifically L-type calcium channels in the cell membrane. These L-type calcium channels are integral to the excitation-contraction coupling process in smooth muscle. When a stimulus is received by smooth muscle cells, their membrane depolarizes. This alteration in membrane potential instigates the opening of L-type calcium channels. As a result,...
Arteries and Arterioles01:16

Arteries and Arterioles

Arteries, the vasculature responsible for transporting blood from the heart, possess robust walls capable of enduring the elevated pressures exerted by the heartbeat. Arteries near the heart are especially thick-walled and enriched with elastic fibers across their three tunics, classifying them as elastic or conducting arteries. These arteries, usually with a diameter exceeding 10 mm, are characterized by their ability to dilate in response to the blood pumped from the heart's ventricles and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Isolation of Retinal Arterioles for Ex Vivo Cell Physiology Studies
12:42

Isolation of Retinal Arterioles for Ex Vivo Cell Physiology Studies

Published on: July 14, 2018

TRPM channels in the vasculature.

Alexander Zholos1, Christopher Johnson, Theodor Burdyga

  • 1Centre for Vision and Vascular Science, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Victoria Hospital, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK. a.zholos@qub.ac.uk

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|February 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin (TRPM) channels in mammals are crucial for vascular functions. This review details their roles in blood pressure, cell permeability, and contraction, highlighting TRPM2, TRPM4, TRPM7, and TRPM8.

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Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4
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Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4

Published on: December 31, 2013

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Isolation of Retinal Arterioles for Ex Vivo Cell Physiology Studies
12:42

Isolation of Retinal Arterioles for Ex Vivo Cell Physiology Studies

Published on: July 14, 2018

Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4
12:09

Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4

Published on: December 31, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Mammalian melastatin transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels (TRPM1-8) are a diverse TRP subfamily.
  • These channels are expressed in endothelium and vascular smooth muscles, regulating ion permeability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the documented vascular functions of TRPM channels.
  • To highlight specific TRPM channel roles in vascular physiology and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on TRPM channel vascular functions.
  • Focus on established roles of TRPM2, TRPM4, TRPM7, and TRPM8.

Main Results:

  • TRPM channels permit sodium, calcium, and magnesium entry, causing membrane depolarization.
  • Depolarization in smooth muscle myocytes increases intracellular calcium and contraction.
  • Specific TRPM channels are linked to oxidant stress (TRPM2), myogenic response (TRPM4), magnesium homeostasis and hypertension (TRPM7), and vascular tone (TRPM8).

Conclusions:

  • TRPM channels play significant, multifaceted roles in vascular health and disease.
  • Understanding TRPM channel function is vital for addressing cardiovascular conditions.