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Published on: October 31, 2010

Cardiovascular dysfunction in HIV-infected children in a sub-Saharan African country: comparative cross-sectional

C A N Okoromah1, O O Ojo, O O Ogunkunle

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria. faimer2004_christy@yahoo.com

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|February 5, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac abnormalities are common in HIV-infected children in Nigeria, with 75.9% showing issues like heart failure and dilated cardiomyopathy. Routine echocardiography is recommended for early detection and care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Cardiac dysfunction is underdiagnosed in HIV-infected children.
  • Standard care lacks routine echocardiography for these patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine the prevalence and pattern of cardiac dysfunction in HIV-infected children.
  • Identify predictors of HIV-related cardiac dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative, observational cross-sectional study in Lagos, Nigeria.
  • Enrolled HIV-infected children (18 months–12 years) and matched healthy controls.
  • Assessed cardiac function using clinical examination and echocardiography.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of cardiac abnormalities was 75.9% in HIV-infected children.
  • Common abnormalities included heart failure, dilated cardiomyopathy (33.7%), and reduced left ventricular systolic function (33.7%).
  • Increased left ventricular mass (20.5%) and pericardial effusion (14.5%) were also observed.

Conclusions:

  • Structural and functional cardiac abnormalities are highly prevalent in HIV-infected African children.
  • Routine echocardiography should be incorporated into standard care for these children.
  • Early detection and management of cardiac issues can improve outcomes.
Abstract

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