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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

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A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision
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Published on: February 11, 2014

Progress in the development of vision prostheses.

Mario Matthaei1, Oliver Zeitz, Matthias Keserü

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Ophthalmologica. Journal International D'Ophtalmologie. International Journal of Ophthalmology. Zeitschrift Fur Augenheilkunde
|February 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Electronic visual prostheses offer hope for blindness caused by degenerative retinal diseases. Current research focuses on device development and clinical trials for these advanced visual aids.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Degenerative retinal diseases, including retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration, are leading causes of global blindness.
  • Electronic visual prostheses are emerging as a significant therapeutic avenue for patients with incurable visual impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current research on electronic visual prostheses for degenerative retinal diseases.
  • To provide an overview of the status and challenges in the development and clinical application of visual prostheses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of relevant studies on electronic visual prostheses.
  • Analysis of different electrode placements (subretinal, epiretinal, optic nerve, cortical).
  • Consideration of anatomical, physiological, and pathophysiological factors.

Main Results:

  • Several electronic visual prosthesis devices are currently undergoing clinical trials, based on extensive animal research.
  • Optimal integration of prostheses into the visual pathway is crucial for effective retinal substitution.
  • Development requires careful consideration of various anatomical and physiological aspects.

Conclusions:

  • Electronic visual prostheses represent a promising, albeit complex, therapeutic strategy for vision restoration.
  • Further research and development are needed to overcome existing challenges for widespread clinical success.
  • Successful implementation necessitates a deep understanding of the visual system's intricate nature.