Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 4, 2026
08:30
A Complete Method for Evaluating the Performance of Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Antibiotics in Environmental Remediation
Published on: October 6, 2022
Urea derivatives enhance the photocatalytic activity of dye-modified titanium dioxide
Stefan Füldner1, Tatiana Mitkina, Tobias Trottmann
1Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.
Abstract:
Trace amounts of urea derivatives enhance the rate of nitrobenzene N3-sensitized TiO(2) photoreduction by catalyzing the proton transfer. The usually required addition of transition metal co-catalysts becomes dispensable for this visible light photocatalysis, facilitating its application in organic synthesis.
Related Concept Videos
01:26EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents
EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
01:11Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling
The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the para position.