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Heavy oils produced by Aureobasidium pullulans.

Pennapa Manitchotpisit1, Neil P J Price, Timothy D Leathers

  • 1Biochemistry Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Rangsit University, 52/347 Muang Ake, Phaholyothin Rd., Lakhok, Pathumthani, 12000, Thailand.

Biotechnology Letters
|February 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aureobasidium pullulans strains produce extracellular heavy oils with potential biosurfactant and anticancer properties. Research identified key phylogenetic clades and characterized oil yields and fluorescence.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Aureobasidium pullulans is a yeast known for its diverse metabolic capabilities.
  • Extracellular oil production in A. pullulans has been observed but not extensively characterized.
  • The potential applications of these oils, such as biosurfactants or bioactive compounds, remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey diverse Aureobasidium pullulans strains for extracellular heavy oil production.
  • To characterize the properties of these oils, including yield, color, fluorescence, and surface activity.
  • To investigate the potential biological activities of the produced oils, specifically their effects on cancer cell lines.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of over 50 diverse Aureobasidium pullulans strains for extracellular oil production.
  • Characterization of oil properties: color, fluorescence, yield (g oil/L) in 5% sucrose medium.
  • Microscopic observation of intracellular oil droplets using fluorescent microscopy.
  • Assessment of oil surface activity.
  • Differential inhibition assays against mammalian cancer cell lines.
  • Analysis of oil structures using MALDI-TOF MS.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-one out of 50+ surveyed strains produced extracellular heavy oils, primarily from phylogenetic clades 8, 9, and 11.
  • Oil yields ranged from 0.5 to 6 g oil/L, with maximal production observed around day 6 for strain CU 43.
  • More than half of the oil-producing strains yielded fluorescent oils, with strain CU 43 producing bright yellow, highly fluorescent oil.
  • The oil exhibited surface activity, indicating potential biosurfactant function.
  • Oils from strains CU 43 and NRRL Y-12974 showed differential inhibition of mammalian cancer cell lines.
  • MALDI-TOF MS analysis suggested the production of a family of related oil structures.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of Aureobasidium pullulans strains can produce extracellular heavy oils with diverse characteristics.
  • The identified oils possess potential as biosurfactants and exhibit selective anticancer activity.
  • Further investigation into the chemical structures and biological functions of these oils is warranted for biotechnological applications.