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Concurrent validity of Preschooler Gross Motor Quality Scale with Test of Gross Motor Development-2
Shih-Heng Sun1, Hsiao-Ling Sun, Yi-Ching Zhu
1Department of Physical Therapy & Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, No 91, Hseuh-Shih Road, Taichung City 404, Taiwan. shsun@mail.cmu.edu.tw
Insights
The Preschooler Gross Motor Quality Scale (PGMQ) demonstrates adequate concurrent validity, correlating well with the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) for assessing preschooler motor skills.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric motor development
- Psychometrics
- Early childhood education
Background:
- Assessing gross motor skills in preschoolers is crucial for development.
- The Preschooler Gross Motor Quality Scale (PGMQ) is a new tool for evaluating motor skill quality.
- Establishing the validity of new assessment tools is essential for their reliable use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the concurrent validity of the Preschooler Gross Motor Quality Scale (PGMQ).
- To compare PGMQ scores with the established Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2).
- To validate PGMQ using TGMD-2 as the gold standard in a preschool population.
Main Methods:
- One hundred thirty-five preschoolers (3-6 years) participated.
- Two independent evaluators administered PGMQ and TGMD-2 in a standardized setting.
- Concurrent validity was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients.
Main Results:
- Total PGMQ scores showed a high correlation with total TGMD-2 scores (r = .86, p < .001).
- Subscale scores for locomotion (r = .82) and object manipulation (r = .76) also correlated well.
- Correlations varied for individual items, with moderate to high agreement in some areas like hopping and sliding.
Conclusions:
- The Preschooler Gross Motor Quality Scale (PGMQ) demonstrates adequate concurrent validity against the TGMD-2.
- PGMQ is a reliable tool for assessing the quality of gross motor skills in preschoolers.
- Findings support the use of PGMQ in clinical and educational settings for evaluating preschooler motor development.
Abstract:
Preschooler Gross Motor Quality Scale (PGMQ) was recently developed to evaluate motor skill quality of preschoolers. The purpose of this study was to establish the concurrent validity of PGMQ using Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) as the gold standard. One hundred and thirty five preschool children aged from three to six years were recruited from three kindergartens in central Taiwan. Two independent evaluators who were unaware of each other's results evaluated all the children separately in their kindergartens using standardized setting and procedures. Concurrent validity was examined using correlation analysis with Pearson-Production Moment correlation coefficient. The results show that the total scores (r = .86, p < .001) and subscale total scores (r = .82 for locomotion, r = .76 for object manipulation, p < .001) of the two tests correlated well. Analysis of similar items in the locomotion subscale found significant but weak correlations in the running, jumping and galloping items of the two tests (r = .23-.25, p < .001). There were moderate to high correlations in hopping, sliding and leaping between the two tests (r = .52-.70, p < .001). Low to moderate correlations (r = .37-.54, p < .001) were found between the similar items in the object manipulation subscale of PGMQ and TGMD-2. Total scores of TGMD-2 also showed a high relation between the sum of the locomotion and object manipulation scores of PGMQ (r = .83, p < .001). The total scores of similar items in the locomotion subscale of PGMQ and TGMD-2 showed a similar high relation (r = .79, p < .001) likewise in the object manipulation subscale (r = .75, p < .001) The PGMQ proved to have adequate concurrent validity with TGMD-2.
