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Related Concept Videos

The Retinoblastoma Gene01:20

The Retinoblastoma Gene

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
The Retinoblastoma Gene01:20

The Retinoblastoma Gene

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
Small GTPases - Ras and Rho01:24

Small GTPases - Ras and Rho

Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a superfamily...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1
08:53

Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1

Published on: February 17, 2011

RB1, development, and cancer.

Meenalakshmi Chinnam1, David W Goodrich

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA.

Current Topics in Developmental Biology
|February 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The RB1 gene, crucial for preventing retinoblastoma, acts as a master regulator. Its protein, pRb, controls DNA-related processes, impacting both normal development and cancer progression.

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Published on: July 25, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The RB1 gene was the first tumor suppressor gene identified, linked to retinoblastoma, a pediatric cancer.
  • Research over 25 years highlights RB1's role in human cancer and normal development.
  • Understanding the pRb protein's function is key to cancer research and therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the hypothesis that pRb's core function is regulating protein complex dynamics on DNA.
  • To elucidate pRb's role in response to cellular signaling pathways.
  • To connect pRb's molecular function to gene transcription, DNA replication, repair, and mitosis.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review, synthesizing existing research on the RB1 gene and pRb protein.
  • The review focuses on analyzing the proposed molecular mechanism of pRb function.
  • Literature analysis of studies investigating pRb's interactions and regulatory roles.

Main Results:

  • pRb dynamically regulates the assembly/disassembly of protein complexes on DNA.
  • These regulated complexes are involved in critical DNA-related processes: gene transcription, replication, repair, and mitosis.
  • RB1's function is central to normal development and cancer pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • pRb's primary molecular function is the location-specific regulation of protein complex dynamics on DNA.
  • This regulation is responsive to cellular signaling, integrating various pathways.
  • RB1 plays a pivotal role in both normal development and the development of cancer.