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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Orthodontic management of a patient with an impacted maxillary canine associated with severe palatal root dilaceration of the adjacent first premolar.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition
07:32

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition

Published on: February 23, 2024

Controlled tooth movement to correct an iatrogenic problem.

Rhita Cristina Cunha Almeida1, Felipe de Assis R Carvalho, Marco Antonio Almeida

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. rhita.almeida@gmail.com

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
|February 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Uncontrolled elastic mechanics extruded a 9-year-old boy's front teeth, creating complications. Controlled intrusion successfully corrected the tooth extrusion, resolving the issue.

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Dental Mechanics

Background:

  • Diastema closure in children can present unique challenges.
  • Non-controlled elastic mechanics are sometimes used for space closure in pediatric cases.

Observation:

  • A 9-year-old boy experienced extrusion of his maxillary central incisors.
  • This unintended tooth movement occurred during diastema closure using non-controlled elastics.

Findings:

  • The extrusion of maxillary central incisors led to undesirable consequences.
  • Controlled intrusion mechanics were effectively employed to correct the extruded teeth.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the risks associated with non-controlled orthodontic forces in children.
  • Controlled intrusion provides a viable solution for managing iatrogenic tooth extrusion.