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PBDD/F impurities in some commercial deca-BDE.

Man Ren1, Ping'an Peng, Ying Cai

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.

Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|February 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Polybrominated dioxins and furans (PBDD/Fs) were found as impurities in commercial decabromodiphenyl ether (DBDE) mixtures. These PBDD/Fs, primarily OBDF and HpBDF, contribute to potential annual emissions of hundreds of tons.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Toxicology
  • Industrial Chemistry

Background:

  • Commercial decabromodiphenyl ether (DBDE) mixtures are widely used flame retardants.
  • Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) can be present as unintended byproducts in brominated flame retardants.
  • Understanding the presence and formation pathways of PBDD/Fs in DBDE is crucial for environmental risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the concentrations and distributions of PBDD/Fs in commercial DBDE mixtures.
  • To identify the predominant PBDD/F congeners present as impurities.
  • To estimate the potential annual emissions of PBDD/Fs from global DBDE usage.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of PBDD/F congeners in various commercial DBDE mixtures from different manufacturers.
  • Quantification of 12 key 2,3,7,8-substituted tetra- to octa-BDD/F congeners.
  • Estimation of annual PBDD/F emissions based on global DBDE demand and measured impurity levels.

Main Results:

  • Total PBDD/F concentrations ranged from 3.4 to 13.6 μg/g (mean 7.8 μg/g), comprising 99% of total PBDD/Fs.
  • Octabromodibenzofuran (OBDF) and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptabromodibenzofuran (HpBDF) were the most abundant congeners.
  • Estimated annual potential PBDD/F emissions were 0.43 tons (range: 0.21–0.78 tons), with OBDF and HpBDF likely originating from BDE-209, BDE-206, and/or BDE-207.

Conclusions:

  • Commercial DBDE mixtures contain significant levels of PBDD/Fs, primarily OBDF and HpBDF.
  • PBDD/F concentrations vary between manufacturers and production lots.
  • The presence of these impurities necessitates consideration in environmental regulations and risk management strategies for DBDE.