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House dust mites in pediatric atopic dermatitis
Tamer M Adham1, Safwat A Tawfik, Naglaa M Abdo
1Department of Pediatrics, Ain Shams University, PO Box 46713, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. drtadham@hotmail.com
Saudi Medical Journal
|February 9, 2011
Summary
Most children with atopic dermatitis (AD) are sensitive to house dust mites (HDM). Environmental controls and acaricides can help manage mild AD, and skin prick testing is recommended for diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Dermatology
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin condition in children.
- House dust mites (HDM), including Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae, are significant indoor allergens.
- Hypersensitivity to HDM is frequently observed in patients with AD, potentially exacerbating symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of hypersensitivity to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae in pediatric patients with AD.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of acaricides and environmental anti-HDM measures in managing AD.
- To assess the association between HDM hypersensitivity and AD severity and chronicity.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 98 children diagnosed with AD was recruited from Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- Patients underwent skin prick testing (SPT) for D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae antigens.
- The study assessed the severity and chronicity of AD and the therapeutic impact of acaricides and environmental interventions.
Main Results:
- A high prevalence of HDM hypersensitivity was observed, with 74.5% of patients sensitive to at least one HDM species.
- A significant correlation was found between the severity and persistence of AD symptoms and HDM hypersensitivity (p=0.001).
- Acaricides and environmental anti-HDM measures demonstrated a positive therapeutic effect in patients with mild AD.
Conclusions:
- Hypersensitivity to HDM is a critical factor contributing to acute, chronic, and severe forms of AD.
- Implementing anti-HDM strategies, including acaricide use, can aid in controlling mild AD.
- SPT is recommended as a standard diagnostic tool for AD patients, and HDM-sensitive individuals benefit from targeted environmental control measures.
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