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Five levels of PACS modularity: integrating 3D and other advanced visualization tools
Kenneth C Wang1, Ross W Filice, James F Philbin
1Department of Radiology, Rm. 1B-112, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. kenwang@stanfordalumni.org
Journal of Digital Imaging
|February 9, 2011
Summary
This study introduces a five-tier classification for Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) integration with advanced visualization tools. It aids in evaluating and designing modular radiology imaging architectures for better clinical image review.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging Informatics
- Radiology Technology
- Computer-Aided Diagnosis
Background:
- Current Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) and 3D visualization tools offer diverse options for clinical radiology.
- Server-based rendering techniques are emerging, enhancing clinical image review capabilities.
- Integrating best-of-breed PACS, volumetric navigation, and 3D packages from different vendors presents significant challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a classification scheme for PACS modularity and integration with advanced visualization tools.
- To characterize current integration options and provide an evaluation framework for such systems.
- To discuss potential future architectures for modularized imaging.
Main Methods:
- Development of a five-tier classification system for PACS modularity.
- Analysis of integration strategies, from stand-alone workstations to advanced modular architectures.
- Discussion of technical factors and system metrics, including user interface integration, resource efficiency, and performance.
Main Results:
- The proposed five-level hierarchy progresses from traditional stand-alone workstations to highly modular systems.
- Increasing modularity incorporates features like context-sharing, server-based rendering, archive integration, and user-level application hosting.
- This modular approach enhances user interface integration, resource efficiency, system performance, supportability, and flexibility.
Conclusions:
- The classification scheme provides a structured approach to understanding and evaluating PACS and advanced visualization integration.
- Modular architectures offer significant advantages in flexibility, efficiency, and performance for clinical radiology.
- Careful consideration of integration issues is crucial for deploying effective advanced visualization systems in radiology.
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