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Related Concept Videos

Photosystems01:32

Photosystems

Photosystems are multiprotein complexes that form the functional units of photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. They are found embedded in the membrane of tiny sac-like structures called thylakoids placed inside the chloroplast.
Functioning of Photosystems
Photosystems contain many pigment molecules, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids, arranged in a particular organization across two domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment molecules...
Photoelectric Effect02:26

Photoelectric Effect

When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...
Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light02:00

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
The Photochemical Reaction Center01:29

The Photochemical Reaction Center

Reaction centers are pigment-protein complexes that initiate energy conversion from photons to chemical entities. Therefore, photochemical reaction center is a more appropriate term that describes these complexes. The Nobel laureates Robert Emerson and William Arnold provided the first experimental evidence of photochemical reaction centers by demonstrating the participation of nearly 2,500 chlorophyll molecules for the release of just one molecule of oxygen. Despite thousands of photosynthetic...
Photosystem II01:22

Photosystem II

The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
The pigment molecules are arranged across  two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment molecules...
Protection of Alcohols02:31

Protection of Alcohols

This lesson delves into the concept of protection and deprotection of a functional group fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry. These phenomena are explained in the context of aliphatic and aromatic alcohols.
Protection
It defines a protecting group as the masking agent to make the more reactive species inert to a given set of conditions. This concept is depicted via the illustration of liquid flow through different outlets in an assembly of pipes. The analogy helps to understand the role...

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In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Photocontrolled Biologically Active Compounds - Potential Drug Candidates for Cancer Photopharmacology
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In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Photocontrolled Biologically Active Compounds - Potential Drug Candidates for Cancer Photopharmacology

Published on: September 29, 2023

New option in photoprotection.

Ines Sjerobabski Masnec1, Lena Kotrulja, Mirna Situm

  • 1Clinical Department of Dermatovenerology, University Hospital Sestre milosrdnice, Zagreb, Croatia. ines@kbsm.hr

Collegium Antropologicum
|February 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Protecting skin from sun damage is crucial. New photoprotection methods, including antioxidants and DNA-repair enzymes, offer alternatives to traditional sunscreens, which have limitations like photoinactivation.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Photobiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure causes significant skin photodamage, increasing risks for skin cancers like melanoma.
  • UV radiation also induces immunosuppression within the skin through various mechanisms.
  • Sunburned skin is a primary risk factor for developing both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel and alternative strategies for photoprotection against solar UV radiation.
  • To highlight the limitations of conventional sunscreen use.
  • To explore the potential of new products and ingredients in mitigating sun-induced skin damage.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on photoprotection, photodamage, and skin cancer prevention.
  • Analysis of the efficacy and limitations of current photoprotective agents.
  • Exploration of emerging photoprotective compounds and their mechanisms of action.

Main Results:

  • Conventional sunscreens are effective but require proper application and are prone to photoinactivation.
  • Alternative photoprotection strategies involve products containing DNA-repair enzymes and antioxidants.
  • Antioxidants and polyphenols show promise in preventing and reversing sun damage, offering anti-aging benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Effective photoprotection is essential for preventing skin cancer and premature aging.
  • Newer photoprotective approaches, including immune protection factors and antioxidant therapies, complement traditional sunscreens.
  • Further research into alternative photoprotection methods is warranted to improve skin health and reduce UV-induced risks.