[Two cases of congenital pelvic arteriovenous malformation in male]

Area of Science:

• Vascular Surgery
• Urology
• Radiology

Background:

• Congenital pelvic arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an exceptionally rare condition, particularly in the male population.
• Pelvic AVMs can present with diverse and often non-specific urological symptoms, mimicking other common pelvic pathologies.

Observation:

• This report details two male patients diagnosed with congenital pelvic AVM via advanced imaging (CT/MRI).
• One patient presented with voiding dysfunction, initially suspected of prostate cancer, while the other experienced severe hematuria leading to hemorrhagic shock.

Findings:

• Imaging revealed significantly dilated and tortuous vessels in the pelvic region for both individuals.
• Conservative management was chosen for the first patient after AVM diagnosis, while the second underwent successful transcatheter arterial embolization.
• The cases highlight the critical importance of considering pelvic AVM in the differential diagnosis of urological symptoms.

Implications:

• Urological procedures performed without recognizing pelvic AVM can precipitate life-threatening hemorrhage.
• Accurate and timely diagnosis of pelvic AVM is crucial for appropriate management and preventing iatrogenic complications.
• This case series underscores the need for heightened awareness among urologists and radiologists regarding this rare vascular anomaly.