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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Evaluation of the In vivo Antitumor Activity of Polyanhydride IL-1α Nanoparticles
09:57

Evaluation of the In vivo Antitumor Activity of Polyanhydride IL-1α Nanoparticles

Published on: June 28, 2021

Use of curcumin to decrease nitric oxide production during the induction of antitumor responses by IL-2.

Min-Young Song1, Joo-Yun Yim, Jun-Mo Yim

  • 1Departments of *Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk, Korea.

Journal of Immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997)
|February 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Curcumin inhibits nitric oxide (NO) synthesis induced by interleukin-2 (IL-2), enhancing IL-2

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Evaluation of the In vivo Antitumor Activity of Polyanhydride IL-1α Nanoparticles
09:57

Evaluation of the In vivo Antitumor Activity of Polyanhydride IL-1α Nanoparticles

Published on: June 28, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Cancer Research

Background:

  • Interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy can induce nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, which has complex effects on antitumor responses.
  • The role of NO in IL-2-mediated cancer treatment requires further investigation, as it can be both cytotoxic and immunosuppressive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of curcumin on IL-2-induced NO production and antitumor responses in a murine ascites tumor model.
  • To determine if curcumin can modulate the immune response during IL-2 therapy to enhance its efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies using cocultures of lymphocytes and macrophages stimulated with IL-2, measuring NO production and cell proliferation/apoptosis.
  • In vivo studies involving oral administration of curcumin to mice with Meth-A ascites tumors undergoing IL-2 therapy, monitoring urinary nitrite/nitrate levels and survival rates.

Main Results:

  • Curcumin inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and NO production in IL-2-stimulated immune cells.
  • Curcumin enhanced lymphocyte and macrophage proliferation and cytotoxic activity while decreasing apoptosis during IL-2 stimulation.
  • In vivo, curcumin reduced IL-2-induced NO markers and iNOS expression in tumors, significantly prolonging survival in mice.

Conclusions:

  • Curcumin effectively inhibits IL-2-induced NO synthesis and iNOS expression.
  • Curcumin enhances the antitumor effects of IL-2 by modulating immune cell function and reducing immunosuppression.
  • Curcumin shows potential as an adjuvant therapy to improve the efficacy of IL-2-based cancer treatments.