Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the cochlea, a...
Unrenewable Cells00:50

Unrenewable Cells

In humans, the photoreceptor cells of the eye and sensory hair cells of the ear lack stem cells. These cells are thus unrenewable and cannot be replaced when they are damaged or destroyed.
Photoreceptors
The retina is composed of several layers and contains specialized cells called photoreceptors. The photoreceptors (rods and cones) change their membrane potential when stimulated by light energy. There are two types of photoreceptors—rods and cones—which differ in the shape of their outer...
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pulmonary edema and croup.

Pediatrics·1980
Same journal

Impact of virtual case conferences between primary care clinicians and an interdisciplinary chronic pain clinic.

Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien·2026
Same journal

Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien·2026
Same journal

Predictors of high-performing family medicine clinics: Prospective cohort study in Alberta.

Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien·2026
Same journal

Acetylsalicylic acid use for artial fibrillation and bleeding risk.

Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien·2026
Same journal

Clinical practice guidelines: Important tools to teach the art of medicine.

Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien·2026
Same journal

Paratonia in advanced dementia: Challenges and evidence-based interventions.

Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Cryosectioning and Immunostaining Mouse Inner Ear Tissue: From Embryonic to Adult Stages
09:09

Cryosectioning and Immunostaining Mouse Inner Ear Tissue: From Embryonic to Adult Stages

Published on: April 11, 2025

Presbycusis.

J R Kearns

    Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien
    |February 10, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss, affects higher frequencies first. While hearing aids help, clear speech (enunciation) benefits all patients, and prevention remains elusive.

    More Related Videos

    Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
    09:44

    Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

    Published on: January 25, 2016

    Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Ribbon Synapses at Specific Frequency Regions of the Mouse Cochlea
    09:54

    Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Ribbon Synapses at Specific Frequency Regions of the Mouse Cochlea

    Published on: May 10, 2019

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

    Cryosectioning and Immunostaining Mouse Inner Ear Tissue: From Embryonic to Adult Stages
    09:09

    Cryosectioning and Immunostaining Mouse Inner Ear Tissue: From Embryonic to Adult Stages

    Published on: April 11, 2025

    Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
    09:44

    Neuro-rehabilitation Approach for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

    Published on: January 25, 2016

    Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Ribbon Synapses at Specific Frequency Regions of the Mouse Cochlea
    09:54

    Morphological and Functional Evaluation of Ribbon Synapses at Specific Frequency Regions of the Mouse Cochlea

    Published on: May 10, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Audiology
    • Gerontology
    • Otolaryngology

    Background:

    • Presbycusis is age-related sensorineural hearing loss, primarily impacting higher frequencies.
    • The physical and social challenges of presbycusis are often underestimated by those with normal hearing.
    • Diagnosing presbycusis can be complicated by other age-related hearing impairments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the auditory system in cases of presbycusis.
    • To investigate diagnostic challenges and localization of auditory dysfunction.
    • To evaluate management strategies for age-related hearing loss.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing audiometry for detailed analysis of the auditory system.
    • Assessing the effectiveness of hearing aids and enunciation for presbycusis management.
    • Reviewing etiological factors contributing to age-related hearing loss.

    Main Results:

    • Audiometry is effective in analyzing the auditory system and localizing dysfunction.
    • Hearing aids offer benefits to many individuals with presbycusis.
    • Good enunciation universally assists individuals experiencing age-related hearing loss.

    Conclusions:

    • Presbycusis is a progressive condition with no current preventative measures.
    • Management focuses on assistive devices like hearing aids and improved communication strategies.
    • Further research into the etiology of presbycusis is warranted.