Lentigo maligna melanoma--the review

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Oncology

Background:

• Lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) is a slow-growing melanoma subtype.
• It predominantly affects elderly individuals on chronically sun-exposed skin, particularly the head and neck.
• Cumulative ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is a significant risk factor.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, histopathology, and treatment of LMM.
• To highlight the challenges in diagnosing and treating this melanoma subtype.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing data on LMM.
• Analysis of epidemiological trends, clinical characteristics, and histopathological features.
• Discussion of current treatment modalities and challenges.

Main Results:

• LMM is more common in women and typically diagnosed in individuals over 60, though onset age is decreasing.
• The precursor lesion is lentigo maligna (LM), presenting as a persistent pigmented macule.
• Prognosis is comparable to other melanomas when adjusted for tumor thickness.

Conclusions:

• LMM diagnosis and management require careful consideration due to its unique presentation and slow progression.
• Understanding LMM's epidemiology and characteristics is crucial for effective patient care.
• Further research into optimal diagnostic and therapeutic strategies is warranted.