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Athletic experience influences shoulder rotations when running through apertures.

Takahiro Higuchi1, Go Murai, Akifumi Kijima

  • 1Department of Health Promotion Science, Graduate School of Human Health Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan. higuchit@tmu.ac.jp

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Summary

Athletes with American football experience adjust shoulder rotations when running through narrow spaces, unlike control athletes. This suggests movement skills are task-specific and depend on action scaling.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Safe passage through apertures requires perception of aperture width relative to body size and movement speed.
  • Athletes in sports like American football frequently navigate narrow spaces while wearing protective gear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if athletes with experience in sports requiring passage through narrow spaces (American football, rugby) exhibit different shoulder rotation control compared to control athletes.
  • To determine if this difference persists when wearing shoulder pads and during different locomotion speeds (running vs. walking).

Main Methods:

  • Participants included American football players, rugby players, and control athletes.
  • A behavioral task involved running or walking between obstacles with or without shoulder pads.
  • A psychophysical task assessed perceived width of the body and shoulder pads.

Main Results:

  • American football players showed smaller magnitudes and later onset of shoulder rotations when running through apertures compared to controls.
  • No significant differences were observed when walking or in perception of shoulder pad width.
  • Locomotion speed (running vs. walking) influenced shoulder rotation control.

Conclusions:

  • Shoulder rotation control during aperture passage is action-scaled and task-specific.
  • Experience in sports like American football leads to specialized motor adaptations for navigating confined spaces.