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3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography
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Pinch plasma source for x-ray microscopy with nanosecond exposure time.

R Lebert1, W Neff, D Rothweiler

  • 1Lehrstuhl für Lasertechnik, RWTH Aachen, Steinbachstrasse 15, D-52074 Aachen, Federal Republic of Germany.

Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology
|February 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Bright, compact X-ray microscopy sources were developed using pinch plasma devices. Optimized nitrogen (N VII) emission achieved 0.1 μm resolution for biological imaging.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Plasma Physics
  • X-ray Optics

Background:

  • X-ray microscopy demands bright, compact, and inexpensive sources.
  • Flash X-ray sources are under development to meet these demands.
  • Imaging X-ray microscopes utilize mirror condensers and Fresnel zone plates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Analyze requirements for X-ray microscopy sources.
  • Identify optimal spectral and plasma conditions for high-resolution imaging.
  • Compare pinch plasma sources with laser-produced plasma sources.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of pinch-plasma devices.
  • Optimization of integrated spectral brightness (ISB).
  • Experimental measurements of ISB.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogen-like nitrogen (N VII) Lyman-α line at 2.48 nm is optimal.
  • Achieved nonequilibrium plasma conditions: ~200 eV temperature, 10^20 cm^-3 electron density.
  • Optimized pinch plasma source ISB exceeds 0.6 μJ/(μm^2 sr) in 10-20 ns pulses.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized pinch plasma sources meet X-ray microscopy demands.
  • Achieved ~0.1 μm lateral resolution for wet biological samples.
  • Pinch plasma sources offer competitive emission characteristics compared to laser-produced plasmas.