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Gender and migration from Albania.

Guy Stecklov¹, Calogero Carletto, Carlo Azzarri

¹Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel. stecklov@huji.ac.il

|February 11, 2011

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Area of Science:

Sociology
Demography
Migration Studies

Background:

Post-Communist Albania experienced a surge in international migration.
Pre-migration societal structures included low labor market inequality but patriarchal household relations.
Understanding gendered migration dynamics is crucial in transitional economies.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the changing gender composition of Albanian migration.
To investigate women's access to migration opportunities and decision-making power.
To explore the influence of household structures and economic factors on gendered migration.

Main Methods:

Utilized micro-level data from the Albania 2005 Living Standards Measurement Study.
Employed discrete-time hazard models to analyze migration histories.
Examined household-level factors influencing male and female migration decisions.

Main Results:

Observed a significant increase in male migration and a gradual rise in female migration.
Female migration is positively associated with education, wealth, and social capital.
Household-level constraints and incentives differentially impact male and female migration.

Conclusions:

While female migration increased, it remains closely tied to household factors, not necessarily increased independence.
Economic incentives and household structures significantly shape women's migration decisions.
The study highlights the complex interplay of individual attributes and household dynamics in gendered migration patterns.