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Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...
Menses Phase01:18

Menses Phase

The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
07:20

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity

Published on: December 21, 2012

[Endometriosis: aetiopathogenetic basis].

M Larosa1, F Facchini, G Pozzoli

  • 1UOC di Urologia, Azienda AUSL Reggio Emilia, Distretto di Guastalla, Italy. larosa@ausl.re.it

Urologia
|February 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Endometriosis, where uterine lining grows outside the uterus, affects 10% of reproductive-age women. Immunological factors and angiogenesis are key to its development, alongside the widely accepted implantation theory.

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Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility
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Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility

Published on: April 5, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
07:20

Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity

Published on: December 21, 2012

Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility
08:07

Establishment of an Experimental Mouse Model of Endometrioma to Study its Related Infertility

Published on: April 5, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Reproductive Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Context:

  • Endometriosis affects 10% of women of reproductive age.
  • Characterized by endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity.
  • Associated with menstrual factors like dysmenorrhea and shorter cycles.

Purpose:

  • To explore the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
  • To investigate the role of immunological factors and angiogenesis.
  • To understand the mechanisms behind endometrial tissue survival and proliferation in the abdominal cavity.

Summary:

  • The widely accepted implantation theory suggests retrograde menstruation leads to endometrial tissue implantation.
  • Growing evidence highlights the critical roles of immunological factors and angiogenesis in endometriosis development.
  • Alterations in peritoneal macrophages, natural killer cells, and lymphocytes, along with growth factor production, are observed in women with endometriosis.

Impact:

  • Provides insights into the complex pathogenesis of endometriosis.
  • Highlights the interplay between menstruation, immunology, and vascularization.
  • Supports further research into novel therapeutic targets for endometriosis.