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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment

An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment

Published on: July 28, 2012

[Neuroendocrine small-cell bladder cancer: our experience].

M Ruoppolo¹, E Pezzica, R Milesi

¹UO Urologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale Treviglio Caravaggio (Bergamo), Italy. micheleruoppolo@tiscalinet.it

|February 11, 2011

Summary

Small-cell bladder cancer is a rare and aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. Aggressive surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy may offer the best treatment approach for this challenging neuroendocrine cancer.

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Area of Science:

Urology
Oncology
Pathology

Background:

Neuroendocrine bladder cancer, particularly small-cell carcinoma, is exceptionally rare, accounting for <1% of bladder tumors.
This variant exhibits aggressive behavior, a poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate below 8%.
Patients often present with advanced disease (stage >T2) and metastatic spread (56%), with rapid progression common.

Observation:

This study presents three cases of pure neuroendocrine small-cell bladder cancer.
Hematuria was the primary symptom; all cases had locally advanced disease (>T2), with one metastatic and two with lymph node involvement and bilateral ureteral obstruction.
Treatment involved radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection and urinary diversion in two patients, with platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy administered to only two.

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An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment

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Findings:

Two patients experienced cancer recurrence within two months post-surgery.
All three patients succumbed to metastatic disease at 5, 7, and 13 months, with a median overall survival of 7 months.
Peritoneal and intestinal relapse was common, with fatal gastrointestinal hemorrhage as the cause of death.

Implications:

Optimal treatment for small-cell bladder cancer remains undetermined due to its rarity and lack of prospective studies.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with platinum-based regimens, coupled with aggressive surgical intervention, is recommended.
Combination therapy involving chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be considered for improved outcomes.