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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Reservoir of Infection01:30

Reservoir of Infection

Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...

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Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing
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Infectious endocarditis caused by Escherichia coli.

Trine Kiilerich Lauridsen1, Magnus Arpi, Thomas Fritz-Hansen

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. trineklauridsen@gmail.com

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|February 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Escherichia coli infectious endocarditis is rare but serious. This case highlights the importance of echocardiography for diagnosing E. coli endocarditis, even with complications like spondylodiscitis and endophthalmitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Escherichia coli is a common cause of Gram-negative bacteraemia, but infectious endocarditis (IE) is rare.
  • Extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) possess virulence factors enabling extra-intestinal colonization and infection.

Observation:

  • A 67-year-old male presented with mitral regurgitation and persistent E. coli bacteraemia despite antibiotics.
  • Echocardiography revealed severe mitral endocarditis with E. coli DNA confirmed on the valve vegetation.
  • The patient also developed spondylodiscitis and bilateral endophthalmitis.

Findings:

  • E. coli was identified as the causative agent of mitral valve endocarditis.
  • The diagnosis was confirmed through molecular identification of E. coli DNA from the cardiac vegetation.
  • The case demonstrates the potential for ExPEC to cause severe cardiac infections.

Implications:

  • Echocardiography is crucial for diagnosing rare cases of E. coli infectious endocarditis.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential, especially when complicated by other infections.
  • Understanding ExPEC virulence factors may lead to improved therapeutic strategies for IE.