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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...

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A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation
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Textile allergy--the Melbourne experience.

Dan Slodownik1, Jason Williams, Bruce Tate

  • 1Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Melbourne 3053, Australia.

Contact Dermatitis
|February 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Textile allergy is common, with Basic Red 46 in men's work socks being a primary cause in Melbourne. Testing with clothing samples is crucial for accurate diagnosis of textile contact dermatitis.

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Extraction of Tissue Antigens for Functional Assays
08:32

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Published on: September 10, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Textile allergy is a recognized condition with limited Australian data.
  • Contact dermatitis from textiles affects both general and occupational settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document textile contact dermatitis cases from Melbourne clinics.
  • To identify common textile allergens in the Australian population.

Main Methods:

  • 2069 patients with suspected textile allergy were patch tested.
  • A specific textile series was utilized for allergen identification.

Main Results:

  • 7.6% of patients showed positive reactions to textile allergens.
  • Basic Red 46 was the most frequent allergen (20.2%), followed by Disperse Blue dyes.
  • Formaldehyde/releasers and p-phenylenediamine were common concomitant allergens.

Conclusions:

  • Textile allergy is prevalent in Melbourne.
  • Basic Red 46 in acrylic-blend men's work socks is a significant cause.
  • Direct clothing patch testing is recommended for diagnosis.