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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Published on: October 29, 2015

Cell entry of enveloped viruses.

François-Loic Cosset¹, Dimitri Lavillette

¹Université de Lyon, UCB-Lyon1, IFR128, Lyon, France.

Advances in Genetics

|February 12, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Viral envelope glycoproteins (EnvGP) mediate cell entry by fusing viral and cellular membranes. Understanding these fusion mechanisms is key to developing new antiviral entry inhibitors, like those targeting HIV.

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Area of Science:

Virology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Enveloped viruses infect cells via membrane fusion, a process catalyzed by viral glycoproteins.
These glycoproteins possess receptor-binding domains and fusion-promoting functions crucial for viral replication and cell integrity.
Viral entry mechanisms are complex, involving conformational changes and specific cellular interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize viral envelope glycoprotein structures and functions in membrane fusion and viral entry.
To describe diverse viral entry pathways, subverted cellular proteins, and utilized receptors.
To highlight recent discoveries in viral entry processes, emphasizing pseudoparticle applications.

Main Methods:

Review of viral envelope glycoprotein structures and functions.
Description of viral entry pathways and receptor usage.
Focus on pseudoparticle technology for studying viral entry.

Main Results:

Viral envelope glycoproteins (EnvGP) undergo conformational changes upon activation (receptor binding or endosomal pH).
These changes expose a fusion peptide that destabilizes cell membranes, facilitating viral entry.
Pseudoparticles are valuable tools for high-throughput screening of entry inhibitors.

Conclusions:

Comprehending viral membrane fusion mechanisms is essential for developing antiviral entry inhibitors.
Targeting viral entry pathways offers a therapeutic strategy, exemplified by enfuvirtide against HIV.
Pseudoparticle-based screening accelerates the discovery of novel antiviral therapeutics.