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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes
08:27

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Published on: March 3, 2023

Vergence adaptation in subjects with convergence excess.

Maria Nilsson1, Rune L Brautaset

  • 1Unit of Optometry, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Insitutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Strabismus
|February 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Subjects with convergence excess (CE) showed reduced vergence adaptation, contrary to existing theories. This study evaluated vergence adaptation in CE patients, finding significant differences compared to controls.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Convergence excess (CE) phoria is characterized by an esophoric shift from distance to near.
  • Understanding vergence adaptation is crucial for diagnosing and managing binocular vision disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate vergence adaptive ability in subjects with convergence excess (CE) phoria.
  • To compare vergence adaptation in CE subjects with control subjects.
  • To investigate accommodative adaptation and cross-links in CE subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a "flashed" Maddox rod technique to measure vergence adaptation at far and near.
  • Administered base-in and base-out prisms to assess responses.
  • Measured accommodative adaptation and stimulus AC/A and CA/C cross-links.

Main Results:

  • CE subjects exhibited reduced vergence adaptive ability at both distance and near (P=0.002).
  • Accommodative adaptation was reduced in CE subjects compared to controls (P<0.005).
  • CE subjects displayed high AC/A and low CA/C ratios, as predicted by theory.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced vergence adaptation in CE subjects challenges current theoretical models.
  • Findings suggest a complex interplay between vergence and accommodation in CE.
  • Further research is needed to reconcile these findings with existing theories of CE.