Occlusal measurement method can affect SEMG activity during occlusion

Occlusal indicators are widely used in dental treatment to measure tooth contacts that occur during occlusion. However, the presence of an indicator may affect the mechanics of occlusion and lead to invalid tooth contact data. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of four indicators (Parkell, silk, T-Scan(®) sensor and paper) on surface electromyography (SEMG) activity during occlusion. Twenty-three subjects performed strong bites and maximum clenches onto the four indicators and natural dentition. Surface electromyography recordings of anterior temporalis and superficial masseter activity and the subjects' perception of each indicator were measured. SEMG activity with the T-Scan(®) sensor and paper was significantly different (higher masseter activity; P < 0·05) compared to that for natural dentition. The Parkell and silk gave no significant differences to natural dentition. Similarly, subjects perceived that T-Scan(®) sensor and paper had the greatest effect on occlusion and were the least comfortable (P < 0·05). Thus, the very plastic T-Scan(®) sensor and very thick articulating paper both affected SEMG activity during occlusion and, therefore, may not provide valid tooth contact information for dental treatment. In conclusion, occlusal indicators can change SEMG activity during occlusion which may affect the validity of the measurements they provide.