[Human pulmonary adiaspiromycosis. A new case of disseminated form]

A case of disseminated pulmonary form of adiaspiromycosis is reported. This is the second case of the disease found in Brasilia, DF. The patient, a 42-year-old peasant, lived in Corrente - State of Piaui, where he certainly acquired the infection. He was admitted to the Social Security Hospital, in Brasilia, with fever, chills, dry cough and dyspnea. At that time, he had been sick for about ten months and the decision of seeking medical care in Brasilia resulted from an exacerbation of the symptoms that had occurred two months before. At a right thoracotomy for a lung biopsy, disseminated white nodular lesions, a few millimeters in diameter, could be observed on the lung surface. Microscopically, round structures, 300 microns or more in diameter, identified as adiaconidia of Chrysosporium parvum var. crescens were seen in the center of some of these lesions. The tisssue response to the causative agent consisted of microabscesses, surrounded by cells in palisading arrangement, and granulomas of the mixed and foreign body types. The two kinds of lesions were thought to represent evolutive stages of the inflammatory process, and to be related to different exposures to the conidia, on separated occasions. The suppurative lesions would be recent lesions, started some weeks or a few months before, while the others, in which the granulomatous reaction predominated, were possibly older lesions, with an evolutions of at least several months.