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Related Concept Videos

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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How to Measure Cortical Folding from MR Images: a Step-by-Step Tutorial to Compute Local Gyrification Index
09:57

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Published on: January 2, 2012

Local cortical surface complexity maps from spherical harmonic reconstructions.

Rachel A Yotter1, Igor Nenadic, Gabriel Ziegler

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany. rachel.yotter@uni-jena.de

Neuroimage
|February 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Schizophrenia patients show reduced cortical surface complexity, particularly in the right hemisphere. This finding suggests altered brain folding patterns may serve as a marker for neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Computational Anatomy

Background:

  • Cortical surface complexity and gyrification are potential biomarkers for neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Quantifying these features aids in understanding brain development and pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel spherical harmonic (SPH) based method for measuring cortical surface folding complexity.
  • To investigate differences in cortical complexity between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Validated the SPH complexity measure against the box-counting method using von Koch fractal surfaces.
  • Applied the SPH approach to analyze cortical surface complexity in 87 schizophrenia patients and 108 healthy controls.
  • Examined global and regional differences in fractal dimension (FD) between the groups.

Main Results:

  • The SPH method accurately measured fractal dimension (FD).
  • Schizophrenia patients exhibited significantly reduced global FD in the right hemisphere compared to controls.
  • Reduced regional complexity was observed in temporal, frontal, and cingulate areas (right hemisphere) and prefrontal areas (left hemisphere) in patients.

Conclusions:

  • The SPH method provides a reliable measure of cortical complexity.
  • Altered cortical folding complexity, indicated by reduced FD, is associated with schizophrenia.
  • These findings highlight potential neuroanatomical differences in schizophrenia and support the use of complexity measures in neurodevelopmental disorder research.